When Britain acquired Acadia (which encompassed New Brunswick and PEI in addition to Nova Scotia), they mounted a mostly-successful campaign to round up and deport all of the French colonists, who mostly wound up in Louisiana (if they survived). These Acadians formed the foundation of the Cajun culture.

The Expulsion of the Acadians, Le Grand Dérangement, is not quite actively resented, but certainly sharply remembered, by those who remained or came back. Also, Acadian representatives presented their grievances to the British Crown in 1760, opening a court case that was not closed until 2003.