Most characters "I move into melee and attack." Once engaged in melee they won't leave it until the target is dead because in 5e almost any blow can be fatal if the encounter is level appropriate. And leaving melee provokes opportunity attacks.

Rogues are likely to do this regularly: "I move in, attack, and as my bonus action Disengage and use the rest of my original move to retreat." As long as they have an ally to prevent the enemy from chasing them down, this keeps the rogue safe from counter-attacks.

The other major rouge tactic is: "I move to cover, take a bonus action to Hide, then range-attack from stealth." This is particularly common for certain types of Haflings, which can hide behind their own medium sized allies.

With a starting AC and only a d8 for HP, rogues don't usually want to be counterattacked. (When doing the math for this comment I noticed that monks and barbarians also have low AC, they just have tools to make it less of an issue for them.)